Linux is a fast and stable open source operating system for personal computers and workstations.In the early 1990s Linus Torvalds a computer science student of the University of Helsinki started as a personal project and later developers around the world join and develop the Linux. Linux originally designed specifically for Intel-based PCs,and it is a PC version of the Unix operating system that has been used for decades on mainframes and minicomputers and is currently the system of choice for network servers and workstations.Linux brings the speed, efficiency, scalability, flexibility many many of the same functions as Unix, Macintosh, Windows.Linux features professional-level Internet services, extensive development tools, fully functional graphical user interfaces (GUIs), and a massive number of applications ranging from office suites to multimedia applications. Linux consists of the operating system program, referred to as the 'kernel' developed by Linus Torvalds,and it has become the premier platform for open source software, much of it developed by the Free Software Foundation’s GNU project There is only one standard version of Linux, there are actually several different distributions like SUSE, RedHat, and Ubuntu.
Different companies and groups have packaged Linux and Linux software in slightly different ways.Some are variations on other distributions, like Centos, which is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Ubuntu, which derives from Debian Linux. Others have been developed for more specialized tasks or to support certain features. Distributions like Debian provide cutting edge developments. Some distributions provide more commercial versions, usually bundled with commercial applications such as databases or secure servers.These different distributions include fast, efficient, and stable Internet servers, such as the web, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and DNS servers, along with proxy, news, and mail servers etc. Certain companies like Red Hat and Novell provide a commercial distribution that corresponds to a supported free distribution. The free distribution is used to develop new features, like the Fedora Project for Red Hat.Other distributions like Knoppix and Ubuntu specialize in Live-CDs, the entire Linux operating system on single CD.
Linux can be generally divided into three major components: the kernel, the environment, and the file structure. The kernel is the core program that runs programs and manages hardware devices, such as disks and printers. The environment provides an interface for the user. It receives commands from the user and sends those commands to the kernel for execution. The file structure organizes the way files are stored on a storage device, such as a disk. Files are organized into directories. Each directory may contain any number of sub directories, each holding files. Together, the kernel, the environment, and the file structure form the basic operating system structure. With these three,user can run programs, manage files, and interact with the system.
Different companies and groups have packaged Linux and Linux software in slightly different ways.Some are variations on other distributions, like Centos, which is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Ubuntu, which derives from Debian Linux. Others have been developed for more specialized tasks or to support certain features. Distributions like Debian provide cutting edge developments. Some distributions provide more commercial versions, usually bundled with commercial applications such as databases or secure servers.These different distributions include fast, efficient, and stable Internet servers, such as the web, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and DNS servers, along with proxy, news, and mail servers etc. Certain companies like Red Hat and Novell provide a commercial distribution that corresponds to a supported free distribution. The free distribution is used to develop new features, like the Fedora Project for Red Hat.Other distributions like Knoppix and Ubuntu specialize in Live-CDs, the entire Linux operating system on single CD.
Linux can be generally divided into three major components: the kernel, the environment, and the file structure. The kernel is the core program that runs programs and manages hardware devices, such as disks and printers. The environment provides an interface for the user. It receives commands from the user and sends those commands to the kernel for execution. The file structure organizes the way files are stored on a storage device, such as a disk. Files are organized into directories. Each directory may contain any number of sub directories, each holding files. Together, the kernel, the environment, and the file structure form the basic operating system structure. With these three,user can run programs, manage files, and interact with the system.
No comments:
Post a Comment